The Dehumanization of Labor: Historical Roots, Modern Manifestations, and Theological Responses

Abstract

This paper examines labor dehumanization from the Industrial Revolution to the present, drawing connections to theological concepts. It explores the shift from Taylorism and scientific management to the human relations movement and highlights the continued existence of dehumanizing practices in modern work settings, such as call centers, the gig economy, and knowledge workers. Additionally, it discusses artificial intelligence’s role in potentially exacerbating or mitigating these issues. Integrating the theological concepts of the imago Dei, total depravity, and redemption, the paper identifies opportunities for Christian managers to address labor dehumanization through redefining productivity for knowledge workers, prioritizing employee well-being and flourishing, and considering the appropriate use of AI technologies.